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Cancer patients may have a higher risk of deficiency due to causes of intestinal fat malabsorption (i.e., intestinal surgery, pancreatectomy, gastrectomy) or due to oncologic treatments, such as aromatase inhibitors

NAD + /NADH ratios reflect redox status and play an integral part in the ETC, with NADH being the primary electron donor

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Sirtuin 4 Depletion Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Tumorigenesis Through Regulating Adenosine-MonophosphateActivated Protein Kinase Alpha/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Axis in Mice

Similarly, DIO1 polymorphisms , such as rs11206244 and rs2235544 , have been linked to altered serum FT3 and FT4 concentrations, influencing peripheral thyroid hormone conversion and metabolic rate